el tipo estudió el tema en los 80 y se empolló los resultados electorales desde 1850 hasta la fecha (o sean 1980 o por ahí)
y esto fue lo que concluyó, creó 13 "claves" para evaluar al candidato y... :
Each of the **13 keys can be defined as a true-or-false statement**. If **eight or more of them are true, the incumbent-party candidate will win**; seven or fewer, and they will lose. Here they are, as spelled out in Predicting the Next President:
- 1. **Incumbent-party mandate**: After the midterm elections, the incumbent party holds more seats in the U.S. House of Representatives than it did after the previous midterm elections.
- 2. **Nomination contest**: There is no serious contest for the incumbent-party nomination.
- 3. **Incumbency**: The incumbent-party candidate is the sitting president.
- 4. **Third party**: There is no significant third-party or independent campaign.
- 5. **Short-term economy**: The economy is not in recession during the election campaign.
- 6. **Long-term economy**: Real annual per capita economic growth during the term equals or exceeds mean growth during the two previous terms.
- 7. **Policy change**: The incumbent administration effects major changes in national policy.
- 8. **Social unrest**: There is no sustained social unrest during the term.
- 9. **Scandal**: The incumbent administration is untainted by major scandal.
- 10. **Foreign or military failure**: The incumbent administration suffers no major failure in foreign or military affairs.
- 11. **Foreign or military success**: The incumbent administration achieves a major success in foreign or military affairs.
- 12. **Incumbent charisma**: The incumbent-party candidate is charismatic or a national hero.
- 13. **Challenger charisma**: The challenging-party candidate is not charismatic or a national hero.
Lichtman says that keys **2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 13 are true** this year: just enough to assure a **Harris victory**.
y ojocuidao con el "carisma":
The Democratic nominee **in 2008, Barack Obama, qualified as charismatic, but the 2012 nominee, who was also Barack Obama, did not**, because of his diminished approval ratings.
o sea, no es el tipo quien es "carismático", sino que implica cierto "contexto" para poder "evaluar" el carisma o algo así